PNF and Movement 2021; 19(2): 183-193
https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2021.19.2.183
Effects of Pilates Exercises on Isokinetic Trunk Strength and Balance in Female Middle School Students with Lumbago
In Jung, M.S.⋅Seung-Jun Choi, Ph.D.†
Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Kyungsung University
Correspondence to: †Seung-Jun Choi (choisj@ks.ac.kr)
Received: June 5, 2021; Revised: July 5, 2021; Accepted: July 7, 2021; Published online: August 31, 2021.
© Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of performing Pilates exercises for eight weeks on the isokinetic trunk strength and balance of female middle school students with lumbago.
Methods: Twenty-four female students who met the test requirements were recruited and randomly divided into a control group (CG, n = 16) and a Pilates exercise group (Pilates group; PG, n = 8). The PG performed a Pilates program, which consisted of lumbar muscle strengthening exercises, for 60 minutes three times a week for eight weeks. Data analysis was conducted by two-way repeated ANOVA, and a Bonferroni test was carried out when significant differences appeared. The alpha level was set at 0.05.
Results: Following the experimental treatment, the PG showed an increased trunk flexion peak torque of 17% and 13% at angular velocities of 180˚/sec and 300˚/sec, respectively. The intergroup comparison showed no significant difference at pre-measurement, while the PG increased about 31% (180˚/sec) and 15% (300˚/sec) higher than the control group at post-measurement. Following the experimental treatment, the PG showed an increased trunk extensor peak torque of approximately 29% and 21% at angular velocities of 180˚/sec and 300˚/sec, respectively. The intergroup comparison showed no significant difference at pre-measurement, while the PG increased approximately 27% (180˚/sec) and 15% (300˚/sec) higher than the control group at post-measurement. Both the CG and the PG showed a 20% and 50% decrease in pain index after the experimental treatment, respectively. After the experimental treatment, the PG had about 50% lower pain than the CG. The average error rate of static balance in the PG reduced by 19% from 3.28±0.45 to 2.65±0.36, confirming a significant improvement.
Conclusion: Regular Pilates exercise for eight weeks improved the isokinetic trunk muscle strength of female middle school students with lumbago and relieved their pain. Pilates was also shown to be effective in improving balance.
Keywords: Adolescent, Lumbago, Trunk strength, Pilates, Balance

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