PNF and Movement 2023; 21(2): 151-158
https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2023.21.2.151
Immediate Effects of Bilateral Pattern with Spiral pattern of PNF on Diaphragm Excursion and Vital Capacity in Normal Adults
Kyoung-Seon Shin, P.T., Ph.D.⋅Yu-Gyeong Lee, P.T., Ph.D.⋅Eun-Bi Jeong, P.T., Ph.D.⋅ Dong-Yeop Lee, P.T., Ph.D.⋅Ji-Heon Hong, P.T., Ph.D⋅Jae-Ho Yu, P.T., Ph.D.⋅ Seong-Gil Kim, P.T., Ph.D.⋅Jin-Seop Kim, P.T., Ph.D.†
Department of Physical Therapy, Sunmoon University
Correspondence to: †Jin-Seop Kim (skylove3373@sunmoon.ac.kr)
Received: April 16, 2023; Revised: May 25, 2023; Accepted: June 1, 2023; Published online: August 31, 2023.
© Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the immediate effects of different breathing training techniques on diaphragm excursion and vital capacity in healthy adults. Specifically, the study focused on comparing respiratory exercise without PNF, bilateral pattern respiratory exercise, and bilateral pattern with spiral pattern respiratory exercise.
Methods: Twenty-seven healthy adults in their 20s participated in the study. Diaphragm excursion and vital capacity were evaluated under three different conditions. A one-way repeated ANOVA was used to analyze the differences in diaphragm excursion and vital capacity among the interventions.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in diaphragm excursion among the interventions, comparing respiratory exercise without PNF, bilateral pattern respiratory exercise, and bilateral pattern with spiral pattern respiratory exercise. Similarly, statistically significant differences were found in vital capacity among the interventions without PNF respiratory exercise, bilateral pattern respiratory exercise, and bilateral pattern with spiral pattern respiratory exercise.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that incorporating the spiral technique in respiratory exercise led to increased diaphragm excursion and lung capacity compared to other interventions. These findings suggest that PNF respiratory exercise combined with the spiral pattern may have clinical implications for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects and clinical application of these approaches.
Keywords: Bilateral pattern, Diaphragm, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Spiral pattern

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