PNF and Movement 2024; 22(3): 345-356
https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2024.22.3.345
Immediate Effects of Intrinsic Foot Muscle Exercise on Balance in Mastectomy Patients
Seung-Woong Lee, P.T., Ph.D.1⋅Byeong-Jo Kim, P.T., Ph.D.2†
1Inje University Busan Paik Hospital
2Department of Physical Therapy, College of Nersing and Healthcare Sciences, Dong-Eui University
Correspondence to: †Byeong-Jo Kim (pt123@deu.ac.kr)
Received: August 24, 2024; Revised: September 29, 2024; Accepted: October 8, 2024; Published online: December 31, 2024.
© Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the cancer quality of life (C-QOL), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and kilogram mass (KM) of breast cancer patients who had undergone mastectomy, and to evaluate the effects of short foot exercise (SFE) on their balance abilities.
Methods: The study included 16 female mastectomy patients over 20 years of age who had been diagnosed with breast cancer at a university hospital. The patients’ C-QOL was measured using a modified C-QOL questionnaire, and SMI and KM were evaluated using an InBody S10 device. Both static and dynamic balance abilities were measured before and after SFE using a dynamic balance device. Measurements were taken three times, and the average values were used for the analysis.
Results: The results indicated that mastectomy patients had an average C-QOL score of 3.13 out of 4. The average SMI was 6.65 kg/m², higher than the standard reference of 5.7kg/m² for women. The KM did not significantly decrease or increase on the mastectomy side compared to the no-mastectomy side. The SFE intervention led to a significant increase (p < .05) in static balance, particularly regarding left–right body alignment. However, no significant changes were observed in dynamic balance after the exercise.
Conclusion: This study highlights the pivotal role of rehabilitation in enhancing the physical and psychological aspects of C-QOL for breast cancer patients. Rehabilitation that addresses the psychological, emotional, and physical domains is essential for mitigating imbalances and preventing secondary issues such as muscle weakness and limited joint range of motion.
Keywords: Cancer quality of life, Skeletal muscle mass index, Static and dynamic balance, Short foot exercise

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